Abbreviations

Following are abbreviations to use for various resources.

Abbott-Smith General Abbreviations

  • absol. = absolute

  • acc. = accusative

  • act. = active

  • ad fin. = ad finem (to the end)

  • adj. = adjective

  • adv. = adverb

  • al. = alibi (elsewhere)

  • aor. = aorist

  • Apocr. = Apocrypha

  • App. = Appendix

  • Aram. = Aramaic

  • Att. = Attic

  • bibl. = biblical

  • bis = twice

  • c.= cum (with)

  • cf. = confer (compare)

  • cl.= classics, classical

  • cogn. = cognate

  • compar. = comparative

  • contr. = contracted

  • dat. = dative

  • e.g. = exempli gratia (for example)

  • eccl. = ecclesisastical

  • esp. = especially

  • ex. = example

  • exc. = except

  • f.= and following (verse)

  • ff. = and following (verses)

  • fig. = figurative

  • freq. = frequent

  • fut. = future

  • gen. = genitive

  • Gk. = Greek

  • Heb. = Hebrew

  • i.e. = id est (that is)

  • ib. = in the same place

  • id. = the same

  • impers. = impersonal

  • impf. = imperfect

  • impv. = imperative

  • in l. = in loco (in place)

  • indic. = indicative

  • inf. = infinitive

  • infr. = infra (below)

  • Ion. = Ionic

  • l.c. = loco citato (in the place cited–footnote or endnote)

  • m.= masculine

  • metaph. = metaphorically

  • meton. = metonymy

  • MGr. = Modern Greek

  • n.= note, neuter

  • neg. = negative

  • nom. = nominative

  • om. = omit, omits

  • opp. = opposed to

  • optat. = optative

  • pass. = passive

  • pers. = person

  • pf. = perfect

  • plpf. = pluperfect

  • prep. = preposition

  • prop. = properly

  • ptcp. = participle

  • q.v. = quod vide (see, go to see)

  • rei = of the thing

  • s.= sub (under, below)

  • s.v. = sub voce (under the word or heading given)

  • sc. = scilicet (that is)

  • seq. = sequente (followed by)

  • subjc. = subjunctive

  • subst. = substantive

  • superl. = superlative

  • supr. = supra (above, from a previous reference)

  • syn. = synonym

  • Targ. = Targum

  • v.= vide (see, consult)

  • vb. = verb

  • v.l. = variant reading

  • v.s. = vide sub (see below)

Abbott-Smith Versions and Editions Abbreviations

  • Al = anon. version quoted by Origen

  • Aq = Aquila

  • AV = Authorized version

  • B = Beza

  • E = Elzevir

  • EV = English version (AV and RV)

  • Gr Ven = Graecus Venetus

  • L = Lachmann

  • LXX = Septuagint

  • R (in LXX refs) = Sixtine Ed of LXX (1587)

  • Rec = Received Text

  • RV = Revised Version

  • R, txt, mg = RV text, margin

  • Sm = Symmachus

  • T = Tischendorf

  • Th = Theodotion

  • Tr = Tregelles

  • Vg = Vulgate

  • WH = Westcott and Hort

Abbott-Smith Ancient Writers Abbreviations

  • Ael = Aelian, 2 AD

  • Aesch = Aeschylus, 5 BC

  • Aeschin = Aeschines, 4 BC

  • Anth = Anthology

  • Antonin = Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, 2 AD

  • Apoll Rhod = Apollonius Rhodius, 2 AD

  • Arist = Aristotle, 4 BC

  • Aristoph = Aristophanes, 5 BC

  • Ath = Athanasius, 4 AD

  • CIG = Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum

  • Dio Cass = Dio Cassius, 2 AD

  • Diod = Diodorus Siculus, 1 BC

  • Diog Laert = Diogenes Laertius, 2 AD

  • Dion H = Dionysius of Halicarnassus

  • Diosc = Dioscorides, 1-2 AD

  • Eur = Euripides, 5 BC

  • Eustath = Eustathius, 12 AD

  • FlJ = Flavius Josephus, 1 AD

  • Greg Naz = Gregory of Nazianzus, 4 AD

  • Hdt = Herodotus, 5 BC

  • Heliod = Heliodorus, 4 AD

  • Herm = Hermas, 2 AD

  • Hes = Hesiod, 9 BC?

  • Hipp = Hippocrates, 5 BC

  • Hom = Homer, 9 BC?

  • Inscr = Inscriptions

  • Luc = Lucian, 2 AD

  • Lys = Lysias, 5 BC

  • Menand = Menander, 4 BC

  • π = Papyri

  • Paus = Pausanias, 2 AD

  • Phalar = Phalaris, Spurius Epp.

  • Philo = Philo Judaeus, 1 AD

  • Pind = Pindar, 5 BC

  • Plat = Plato, 5-4 BC

  • Plut = Plutarch, 2 AD

  • Polyb = Polybius, 2 BC

  • Socr, HE = Socrates, Historia Ecclesiastica, 5 AD

  • Soph = Sophocles, 5 BC

  • Strab = Strabo, 1 BC

  • Test Zeb = Testimony of Zebedee, 2 AD

  • Theogn = Theognis, 6 BC

  • Theophr = Theophrastus, 4 BC

  • Thuc = Thucydides, 5 BC

  • Xen = Xenophon, 5-4 BC

Lexica

These are the abbreviations to use when listing which lexica have been referenced:

BDAG

Bauer, Walter. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Edited by Frederick W. Danker. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000

LN

Louw, Johannes E., and Eugene A. Nida. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains. 2 vols. 2nd ed. New York: United Bible Societies, 1989

FFM

Friberg, Timothy, Barbara Friberg, and Neva F. Miller. Analytical Lexicon to the Greek New Testament. Baker’s Greek New Testament Library. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000

BN

Newman, Jr., Barclay M. A Concise Greek-English Dictionary of the New Testament. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1993

LSJM

Liddell, Henry George, and Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon: With a Revised Supplement. Edited by Sir Henry Stuart Jones and Roderick McKenzie. 9th ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1996

MM

Moulton, J. H., and G. Milligan. Vocabulary of the Greek Testament. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1930

A-S

Abbott-Smith, G. A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922.

Note

The first two (BDAG and LN) must be referenced for every entry. The next two (FFM and BN) are strongly encouraged.

USFM Names

These are the names that should be used for the USFM form in citation references. For the LXX, we only want to include the Greek names, not the Hebrew names, as shown below.

  • 1 Km = 1 Kingdoms (Heb. 1 Samuel)

  • 2 Km = 2 Kingdoms (Heb. 2 Samuel)

  • 3 Km = 3 Kingdoms (Heb. 1 Kings)

  • 4 Km = 4 Kingdoms (Heb. 2 Kings)

Standard Name

USFM Name

Standard Name

USFM Name

Gen

gen

Matt

mat

Exod

exo

Mark

mrk

Lev

lev

Luke

luk

Num

num

John

jhn

Deut

deu

Acts

act

Josh

jos

Rom

rom

Judg

jdg

1Cor

1co

Ruth

rut

2Cor

2co

1Km

1sa

Gal

gal

2Km

2sa

Eph

eph

3Km

1ki

Phil

php

4Km

2ki

Col

col

1Chr

1ch

1Thess

1th

2Chr

2ch

2Thess

2th

Ezra

ezr

1Tim

1ti

Neh

neh

2Tim

2ti

Esth

est

Titus

tit

Job

job

Phlm

phm

Ps

psa

Heb

heb

Prov

pro

Jas

jas

Eccl

ecc

1Pet

1pe

Song

sng

2Pet

2pe

Isa

isa

1John

1jn

Jer

jer

2John

2jn

Lam

lam

3John

3jn

Ezek

ezk

Jude

jud

Dan

dan

Rev

rev

Hos

hos

Joel

jol

Amos

amo

Obad

oba

Jonah

jon

Mic

mic

Nah

nam

Hab

hab

Zeph

zep

Hag

hag

Zech

zec

Mal

mal

LXX and Apocrypha

Standard Name

USFM Name

Gen

gen

Exod

exo

Lev

lev

Num

num

Deut

deu

Josh

jos

Judg

jdg

Ruth

rut

1Kgs

1sa

2Kgs

2sa

3Kgs

1ki

4Kgs

2ki

1Chr

1ch

2Chr

2ch

Ezra

ezr

Neh

neh

Esth

esg

Job

job

Ps

psa

Ps151

ps2

Prov

pro

Eccl

ecc

Song

sng

Isa

isa

Jer

jer

Lam

lam

Ezek

ezk

Dan

dag

Hos

hos

Joel

jol

Amos

amo

Obad

oba

Jonah

jon

Mic

mic

Nah

nam

Hab

hab

Zeph

zep

Hag

hag

Zech

zec

Mal

mal

1Esd

1es

Tob

tob

Jth

jdt

Wisd (or WisdofSol)

wis

Ecclus (or Sir)

sir

Bar

bar

EpJer

lje

Sgof3Childr

s3y

Sus

sus

BelandDr

bel

1Macc

1ma

2Macc

2ma

3Macc

3ma

4Macc

4ma

ProfMan

man

LXX to Canonical Psalms Mapping

Standard(LXX) Psalm #

USFM(Canonical) Psalm #

Verse comparison

1-8

1-8

Y

9

9-10

N

10-112

11-113

Y

113

114-115

N

114-115

116

N

146-147

147

N

148-150

148-150

Y