Abbreviations¶
Following are abbreviations to use for various resources.
Abbott-Smith General Abbreviations¶
- absol. = absolute
- acc. = accusative
- act. = active
- ad fin. = ad finem (to the end)
- adj. = adjective
- adv. = adverb
- al. = alibi (elsewhere)
- aor. = aorist
- Apocr. = Apocrypha
- App. = Appendix
- Aram. = Aramaic
- Att. = Attic
- bibl. = biblical
- bis = twice
- c.= cum (with)
- cf. = confer (compare)
- cl.= classics, classical
- cogn. = cognate
- compar. = comparative
- contr. = contracted
- dat. = dative
- e.g. = exempli gratia (for example)
- eccl. = ecclesisastical
- esp. = especially
- ex. = example
- exc. = except
- f.= and following (verse)
- ff. = and following (verses)
- fig. = figurative
- freq. = frequent
- fut. = future
- gen. = genitive
- Gk. = Greek
- Heb. = Hebrew
- i.e. = id est (that is)
- ib. = in the same place
- id. = the same
- impers. = impersonal
- impf. = imperfect
- impv. = imperative
- in l. = in loco (in place)
- indic. = indicative
- inf. = infinitive
- infr. = infra (below)
- Ion. = Ionic
- l.c. = loco citato (in the place cited–footnote or endnote)
- m.= masculine
- metaph. = metaphorically
- meton. = metonymy
- MGr. = Modern Greek
- n.= note, neuter
- neg. = negative
- nom. = nominative
- om. = omit, omits
- opp. = opposed to
- optat. = optative
- pass. = passive
- pers. = person
- pf. = perfect
- plpf. = pluperfect
- prep. = preposition
- prop. = properly
- ptcp. = participle
- q.v. = quod vide (see, go to see)
- rei = of the thing
- s.= sub (under, below)
- s.v. = sub voce (under the word or heading given)
- sc. = scilicet (that is)
- seq. = sequente (followed by)
- subjc. = subjunctive
- subst. = substantive
- superl. = superlative
- supr. = supra (above, from a previous reference)
- syn. = synonym
- Targ. = Targum
- v.= vide (see, consult)
- vb. = verb
- v.l. = variant reading
- v.s. = vide sub (see below)
Abbott-Smith Versions and Editions Abbreviations¶
- Al = anon. version quoted by Origen
- Aq = Aquila
- AV = Authorized version
- B = Beza
- E = Elzevir
- EV = English version (AV and RV)
- Gr Ven = Graecus Venetus
- L = Lachmann
- LXX = Septuagint
- R (in LXX refs) = Sixtine Ed of LXX (1587)
- Rec = Received Text
- RV = Revised Version
- R, txt, mg = RV text, margin
- Sm = Symmachus
- T = Tischendorf
- Th = Theodotion
- Tr = Tregelles
- Vg = Vulgate
- WH = Westcott and Hort
Abbott-Smith Ancient Writers Abbreviations¶
- Ael = Aelian, 2 AD
- Aesch = Aeschylus, 5 BC
- Aeschin = Aeschines, 4 BC
- Anth = Anthology
- Antonin = Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, 2 AD
- Apoll Rhod = Apollonius Rhodius, 2 AD
- Arist = Aristotle, 4 BC
- Aristoph = Aristophanes, 5 BC
- Ath = Athanasius, 4 AD
- CIG = Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum
- Dio Cass = Dio Cassius, 2 AD
- Diod = Diodorus Siculus, 1 BC
- Diog Laert = Diogenes Laertius, 2 AD
- Dion H = Dionysius of Halicarnassus
- Diosc = Dioscorides, 1-2 AD
- Eur = Euripides, 5 BC
- Eustath = Eustathius, 12 AD
- FlJ = Flavius Josephus, 1 AD
- Greg Naz = Gregory of Nazianzus, 4 AD
- Hdt = Herodotus, 5 BC
- Heliod = Heliodorus, 4 AD
- Herm = Hermas, 2 AD
- Hes = Hesiod, 9 BC?
- Hipp = Hippocrates, 5 BC
- Hom = Homer, 9 BC?
- Inscr = Inscriptions
- Luc = Lucian, 2 AD
- Lys = Lysias, 5 BC
- Menand = Menander, 4 BC
- π = Papyri
- Paus = Pausanias, 2 AD
- Phalar = Phalaris, Spurius Epp.
- Philo = Philo Judaeus, 1 AD
- Pind = Pindar, 5 BC
- Plat = Plato, 5-4 BC
- Plut = Plutarch, 2 AD
- Polyb = Polybius, 2 BC
- Socr, HE = Socrates, Historia Ecclesiastica, 5 AD
- Soph = Sophocles, 5 BC
- Strab = Strabo, 1 BC
- Test Zeb = Testimony of Zebedee, 2 AD
- Theogn = Theognis, 6 BC
- Theophr = Theophrastus, 4 BC
- Thuc = Thucydides, 5 BC
- Xen = Xenophon, 5-4 BC
Lexica¶
These are the abbreviations to use when listing which lexica have been referenced:
BDAG
Bauer, Walter. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. Edited by Frederick W. Danker. 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000
LN
Louw, Johannes E., and Eugene A. Nida. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains. 2 vols. 2nd ed. New York: United Bible Societies, 1989
FFM
Friberg, Timothy, Barbara Friberg, and Neva F. Miller. Analytical Lexicon to the Greek New Testament. Baker’s Greek New Testament Library. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000
BN
Newman, Jr., Barclay M. A Concise Greek-English Dictionary of the New Testament. Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 1993
LSJM
Liddell, Henry George, and Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon: With a Revised Supplement. Edited by Sir Henry Stuart Jones and Roderick McKenzie. 9th ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1996
MM
Moulton, J. H., and G. Milligan. Vocabulary of the Greek Testament. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1930
A-S
Abbott-Smith, G. A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1922.
Note
The first two (BDAG and LN) must be referenced for every entry. The next two (FFM and BN) are strongly encouraged.
USFM Names¶
These are the names that should be used for the USFM form in citation references. For the LXX, we only want to include the Greek names, not the Hebrew names, as shown below.
- 1 Km = 1 Kingdoms (Heb. 1 Samuel)
- 2 Km = 2 Kingdoms (Heb. 2 Samuel)
- 3 Km = 3 Kingdoms (Heb. 1 Kings)
- 4 Km = 4 Kingdoms (Heb. 2 Kings)
| Standard Name | USFM Name | Standard Name | USFM Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gen | gen | Matt | mat |
| Exod | exo | Mark | mrk |
| Lev | lev | Luke | luk |
| Num | num | John | jhn |
| Deut | deu | Acts | act |
| Josh | jos | Rom | rom |
| Judg | jdg | 1Cor | 1co |
| Ruth | rut | 2Cor | 2co |
| 1Km | 1sa | Gal | gal |
| 2Km | 2sa | Eph | eph |
| 3Km | 1ki | Phil | php |
| 4Km | 2ki | Col | col |
| 1Chr | 1ch | 1Thess | 1th |
| 2Chr | 2ch | 2Thess | 2th |
| Ezra | ezr | 1Tim | 1ti |
| Neh | neh | 2Tim | 2ti |
| Esth | est | Titus | tit |
| Job | job | Phlm | phm |
| Ps | psa | Heb | heb |
| Prov | pro | Jas | jas |
| Eccl | ecc | 1Pet | 1pe |
| Song | sng | 2Pet | 2pe |
| Isa | isa | 1John | 1jn |
| Jer | jer | 2John | 2jn |
| Lam | lam | 3John | 3jn |
| Ezek | ezk | Jude | jud |
| Dan | dan | Rev | rev |
| Hos | hos | ||
| Joel | jol | ||
| Amos | amo | ||
| Obad | oba | ||
| Jonah | jon | ||
| Mic | mic | ||
| Nah | nam | ||
| Hab | hab | ||
| Zeph | zep | ||
| Hag | hag | ||
| Zech | zec | ||
| Mal | mal |
LXX and Apocrypha¶
| Standard Name | USFM Name |
|---|---|
| Gen | gen |
| Exod | exo |
| Lev | lev |
| Num | num |
| Deut | deu |
| Josh | jos |
| Judg | jdg |
| Ruth | rut |
| 1Kgs | 1sa |
| 2Kgs | 2sa |
| 3Kgs | 1ki |
| 4Kgs | 2ki |
| 1Chr | 1ch |
| 2Chr | 2ch |
| Ezra | ezr |
| Neh | neh |
| Esth | esg |
| Job | job |
| Ps | psa |
| Ps151 | ps2 |
| Prov | pro |
| Eccl | ecc |
| Song | sng |
| Isa | isa |
| Jer | jer |
| Lam | lam |
| Ezek | ezk |
| Dan | dag |
| Hos | hos |
| Joel | jol |
| Amos | amo |
| Obad | oba |
| Jonah | jon |
| Mic | mic |
| Nah | nam |
| Hab | hab |
| Zeph | zep |
| Hag | hag |
| Zech | zec |
| Mal | mal |
| 1Esd | 1es |
| Tob | tob |
| Jth | jdt |
| Wisd (or WisdofSol) | wis |
| Ecclus (or Sir) | sir |
| Bar | bar |
| EpJer | lje |
| Sgof3Childr | s3y |
| Sus | sus |
| BelandDr | bel |
| 1Macc | 1ma |
| 2Macc | 2ma |
| 3Macc | 3ma |
| 4Macc | 4ma |
| ProfMan | man |
LXX to Canonical Psalms Mapping¶
| Standard(LXX) Psalm # | USFM(Canonical) Psalm # | Verse comparison |
|---|---|---|
| 1-8 | 1-8 | Y |
| 9 | 9-10 | N |
| 10-112 | 11-113 | Y |
| 113 | 114-115 | N |
| 114-115 | 116 | N |
| 146-147 | 147 | N |
| 148-150 | 148-150 | Y |